It may be said reasonably that Charles Darwin was one of the first scientists to present a coherent and organized case for the theory of evolution. For Darwin evolution meant the emergence and development of complex forms of life from the simplest forms of life. To state it baldly, the amoeba eventually became man through unmeasured aeons of time. For Darwin the interplay of chance and time would be the means for evolution to occur in organic forms of life without any over-arching thought or purpose guiding the process. Let it be said emphatically that Charles Darwin presented his ideas of evolution as a theory, not as a final truth. He was hoping that other branches of science would validate his theory, such as geology, paleontology, zoology, and botany. He, himself, sought to strengthen his case from the studies of homology and embryology.

Readers of the Outlook should be informed that Darwin in his own day was vigorously opposed by other noted Christian scientists, such as Louis Agassiz, Carl Linnaeus, and George Cuvier, who were anything but minor leaguers in the field of science. Sadly enough, it was the seminaries in the late 19th century that capitulated to this theory of evolution and sought an accommodation with this theory by means of theistic evolution.

This writer would like to list the various arguments that can be made against the theory of evolution as Charles Darwin conceived it. Today godless scientists who see the fallacies in Darwin’s concept of evolution have contrived other forms of evolution, but in doing so they are changing the rules of the game as well as pouring other definitions into the word “evolution.” However, them I shall ignore. My list arises out of the reading that I have done over the past five years from about fifteen books and numerous articles.

1. Biologically Darwin and his followers sought to find the missing link, that is, the transitional forms of life between the simpler life forms and the more complex life forms. However, most evolutionists today admit that none have ever been found. The cupboard of biology remains bare for the thoroughgoing evolutionists. 2. Transitional forms of life (the missing links) would have evolved only through a process of mutation. However, in laboratory experiments scientists have found mutations to be invariably harmful and deleterious to the organisms. To state it another way, a hundred foul balls have never resulted in a home-run.

3. The geological columns containing the fossilized remains of simple and complex life forms are a theoretical abstraction. None have ever been found that duplicate exactly what the evolutionists envision in their own minds. Often more complex life forms have been found at the base of a mountain; whereas, the simpler forms were found at the higher elevation. One’s belief in the “Flood” story of God’s Word would account for these variations of the geological columns.

4. The evolutionists deny the Flood story of God’s Word, and yet nearly 200 flood accounts have been reported in other cultures and races that duplicate the Biblical account in its essential details. The Flood story nearly up to Darwin’s time was accepted as the basis for all the great geological changes on the earth. One must remember that the Flood was almost as destructive in its results as God was creative in the Creation week. God’s wrath was fully poured out then. So destructive was the Flood that the Apostle Peter in his epistle compares God’s final judgment in the end time to the Flood.

5. The genetic pool of each species of mammals tends to deplete. Each breed of dog artificially bred loses some of the potential qualities of the original breed of dog. The Great Dane was bred about 400 years ago in Germany for the purpose of bunting boars; nevertheless, the Great Dane bas a life expectancy of only about eight years, which is about half or at most two-thirds of that of other breeds of dogs. Thus, this fact denies the upward ascent of biological organisms, which is a corollary of Darwin’s theory of evolution. 6. Evolutionists say that things improve and become better. Yet the Second Law ofThermodynamics says that things eventually deteriorate. One’s car gets rusty; his home eventually needs a new roof; and the lights in the house in time burn out. Man’s supply of oil and coal, which are sources of energy, will become exhausted. Man, himself, dies; and few there are whose ages exceed the Biblical three score and ten. The Earth’s atmosphere is losing its ozone layer, and the carbon-dioxide emissions from cars and factories is creating a “greenhouse” effect, so raising the Earth’s temperature by eight degrees in fifty years—according to scientists’ projections. All this, thus, goes contrary to the theory of evolution. 7. The Earth is the only heavenly body containing all the known elements. If one accepts the Big Bang theory, why, then, is the Earth the only body containing all the known elements? 8. To initiate life forms from the chance chemical interplay of certain elements has been proved to be statistically impossible, whether viewed from the standpoint of time or space. One scientist has calculated that the odds of one molecular life form arising from pure chance interplay of required elements is the number 10 squared 40,000 times. To get some idea of what this means, simply multiply 17 by itself 17 times. Even with this small number, the final will be in the trillions. Added to this fact is the fact that the most simple life form, such as the amoeba, has a complexity of a large city. 9. When the astronauts were ready to go to the moon, their greatest fear was landing the lunar module on the moon. Believing in the evolutionary hypothesis, the space agency spent nearly a billion dollars to enable the lunar module to land on the moon. They feared the great depths of dust that they believed had accumulated over aeons of time from meteorite fallout. However, the astronauts encountered no problem at all. This argues for a short age of the moon. 10. Astronomers have discovered that the sun is actually shrinking in size. This is quite understandable, since anything that expends energy, whether it be heat or light, will deplete itself. Yet the rate at which the sun is shrinking rules out any possibility that it has existed for billions of years; since with such a length of time the sun by now would have become a “burned out” star. 11. If man has lived for a million years on this planet, why, then, is the present population of the earth only near five billion? Bear in mind the unbelieving scientist denies the fact of the universal flood. No matter what level of population increase one assumes, however small, over a million-year span there would hardly be any space for man to stand on today. This, too, argues for a young earth as well as for the veracity of the flood which destroyed the whole human race save for eight.

12. Why are there presently thousands of animal carcasses in the perma-frost of northern Siberia? In the 18th and 19th centuries men made a living collecting the ivory tusks from mammoths encased in the ice. Some of the animals were so well preserved, that dogs have eaten the flesh of these animals with no ill effects. The evolutionists’ theory of “uniformitarianism” could never permit this. According to uniformitarianism events on this earth occurred regularly and evenly, apart from any cataclysmic or catastrophic occurrences. However, in our West there were about thirty million buffaloes in the 1850’s; yet, one would be hard pressed to find any remains of these buffaloes today since even the bones—the most durable part of the buffaloes have been weathered away, all in keeping with the process of uniformitarianism. The encased mammals in the permafrost of Siberia argue for a catastrophic event some time in the past; while the absence of buffalo remains argues against uniformitarianism.

13. In Texas in certain riverbeds human footprints have been found in close proximity to those of the dinosaurs. This removes the assertion that dinosaurs existed millions of years before man. Why do certain evolutionists become extremely upset when they are confronted by this fact? Why? This fact simply erases their time tables of events on this earth.

14. Whole trees have been found embedded in coal veins. These trees would not be in this condition if one accepts the idea that millions of years were needed to form the coal beds. Also, laboratory tests have shown that oil can be made in a matter of hours; thus, it is not mandatory that oil or coal require millions of years to be formed out of peat. Too, in California the complete skeletal remains of a whale were found encased in the fossil remains of a simpler marine life form. This argues also for a catastrophic event in the past—the Biblical Flood. 15. This history of evolutionism in the last hundred years has shown that some evolutionists, so entranced by the theory of evolution, will falsify their finds so as to give validation to their belief. There have been a number of hoaxes foisted on the public by certain proponents of evolution. If the theory of evolution is so plausible, why then these ruses? 16. The Bible clearly states that God provided light on the first day without the presence of the sun, which was created on the fourth day. God did such, so that man would know that God is the ultimate source of all light. Nevertheless, early civilization, such as the Egyptians, who forsook the one true God, worshipped the sun as god. It is well to remember in the new creation there will be no sun nor moon to provide the light. 17. Why is it that some planets have moons that rotate (spin) and revolve (forward motion) in opposite direction from other moons of the same planets? How could chance provide such diverse actions? 18. Michael Denton in his book Evolution, A Theory in Crisis explains very graphically that changes in a particular organism, say the fish, so as to become an amphibian can not be made in small steps or degrees. Small changes-in one part of the anatomy of the organism demand immediate and instantaneous changes in other parts of the anatomy of the organism. Denton uses a simple but understandable illustration with the automobile. If the size of the cylinders of the motor is increased, then an immediate change in size of the pistons and rods must also be made. There is no room for half-way measures, be it in a live organism, or an inert mechanism like the car motor. Thus, mutations are thoroughly ruled out. 19. Clear thinking demands that alterations and variations within certain species can at best be considered micro-evolution, never macro (major)-evolution, because the species still remain what they are. The many varieties of finches that Darwin observed on a particular isolated island were still finches. The finches never altered enough to become eagles, let alone crossing over into another genus, such as the mammals. It is questionable whether it is correct to regard an adaptation by a certain species of life as being an example of evolution. The moths in England changed their coloration when the air become polluted because of smoke emissions from factories. True, there was adaptation, but it was NOT evolution; since the moths still remained moths.    

20. The evolutionist, because he is made in the image of God, expresses sanity and rationality in both his actions and thinking. Like all other men, he exercises wisdom, prudence, planning, and judgment. When he drives his car, he has a certain destination in mind, and he is constantly making correct decisions to avoid accidents and collisions. Yet, strangely enough, he will use various instruments, such as telescopes and microscopes—the products of design and purpose—to substantiate his view that all things happen by chance, which would have to include even the very instruments that he is using.

His evolutionary outlook is a stance of faith in “chance.” One that believes that a tornado passing through a junkyard could assemble all the strewn parts, numbering into the thousands, into one complete, ready-to-go automobile.

Let the reader realize that it was godless men like Karl Marx, John Dewey, Sigmund Freud, and Nietzsche who most readily accepted the theory of evolution. And why? First, it negates God. Without God there is no place for absolutes in the affairs of men. Without the Ten Commandments or the Sermon on the Mount, man is free to do whatever he wishes, since in such a scheme of things (evolutionary thought) man is answerable to no one but himself. Kant’s “categorical imperatives” become feeble blowing into the violent gusts of unrestrained human selfishness and bestiality.

Darwin’s theory of evolution carried out Kant’s denials—or perhaps skepticism—of the noumenal (that which is above and beyond the physical, and which can not be proved or ascertained by physical means) to the nth degree. Evolution denies the need for anything above nature. The God of this universe becomes an unnecessary appendage-an unwanted hypothesis in the affairs of men. However, as Jesus warned, if you remove the first occupant of the house (this universe), then the house vacated will become inhabited by other less desirable spirits (the demons of the Evil One). And this has been proved true in our own day, for Western man without God is fully involved in occultism and eastern religion. This Gary North and Dave Hunt prove in their books Unholy Spirits and The Seduction of Christianity. As John Calvin wrote, God placed into the hearts of men the seeds of religion, that is, the need for the noumenal. Man’s heart and mind want that which is above nature and beyond nature. For the true believer, it is God; whereas; the unbeliever will consult with the spirits (occultism).

In conclusion, let it be said most clearly that an acceptance of the theory of evolution leads to many undesirable things: first, a denial of God, then a denial of absolutes to guide men in the affairs of life, and finally a futile search for meaning in the very things that are an affront to God.

21. The decay of Earth’s magnetic field is measurable and exponential. However, this rate of decay precludes any long age of the Earth, since with a five billion years age of the Earth, the magnetic field would have been 200 million times stronger than now, which would exceed that of most intense magnetic fields of stars presently. 22. Within the solar system there exists interplanetary dust which is being cleared out by the light of the sun. A span of 10,000 years has been calculated necessary for the sun to clear out this dust. The fact that there is still a large residue of this dust argues for a younger universe than that claimed by evolutionists. 23. Scientific inquiry is valid and applicable only to reproducible events; therefore, it has no jurisdiction whatever in questions of origin or destiny, which by their very nature are one-time events. Surely scientific inquiry may gather evidence about beginnings, but such evidence is subject to interpretation which is wholly dependent upon the mind-set of the interpreter. 24. Since natural processes are destructive of complex patterns, they are, therefore, a poor explanation of these patterns. Thus the evidence as stated in No. 23 just above becomes in part suspect. (Origins and Destiny by Dr. Robert Gange) 25. In quantum physics it is said that non-living matter contains 235 bits of information, a protein 1,500 bits, but the simplest one-cell bacterium 1,000,000 bits of information. So to say that random chance and accident could have produced life even in this simplest form is to defy not only all statistical odds but also the most elementary logic and common sense. (Dr. Robert Gange) 26. Each year a small number of meteorites reached the Earth’s surface. This being so, a vast number of meteorites should be embedded in the Earth’s geologic column if the Earth is thought to be millions or billions of years old. However, the geologic column shows a paucity of meteorites. This argues for a young Earth (It’s A Young World After All by Paul D. Ackerman) 27. Comets are heavenly bodies that orbit the sun. Their life-terms are short on the cosmic scale. Over the centuries many have been observed and recorded. However, if the solar system is billions of years old, none should then exist today for with the passage of such vast time, the comets would all have been dissipated. (Paul D. Ackerman) 28. It is thought by evolutionists that all the satellites of the planets should be cold and inactive since they would have been cooled down through the aeons of time. Yet lo, a moon of Jupiter, was observed to have an active volcano when the Voyager satellite passed by it. (Paul D. Ackerman)

29. Any increase in the complexity and design of a physical entity in ratio to disorder (the chaotic) becomes astronomical in number. Examples of disorder would be wind-blown leaves in a yard or water-washed sands on a seashore. Michael Denton in his book Evolution, A Theory In Crisis provides a simple but clear illustration of this fact: In the alphabet there are twenty-six letters. Forming three-letter combinations, one can make 17,000; however, only 500 of them-one in thirty-three-form words with meaningful contents. Forming twelve-letter combinations will run into the billions; yet only a minute fraction of them will form words. In a word then, increased complexity of order families. Either one dies eventually with the death or absence of the other. How can evolutionists explain the evolvement of these organisms from different phyla when a necessary and an immediate symbiotic relationship is imperative for the survival of either? (Flaws In The Theory Of Evolution by Evan Shute)

John H. Sietsema is a veteran Christian school teacher living at 2016 Rosewood Ave., S.E., Grand Rapids, Michigan 49506.